Hemoglobin DNA sequence: CAT GTG GAG TGG GGA CTC TTT AGT CGA CAT TGC
Transcription: GUA CAC CUC ACC CCU GAG AAA UCA GCU GUA ACG
Translation: Alanine, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Phenyl alanine, Leucine, Serine, Tyrosine, Stop, Cysteine, Stop, Tryptophan, Leucine, Proline, Histidine, Glutamine, Arginine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Threonine, Asparagine, Lysine, Serine, Arginine.
(picture below) cite: http://ingsscience.com/Circle%20Codon%20Chart.jpg
THE SCIENCE AND HISTORY OF DNA: Miller-Urey experiment: First they took a closed contraption and used the gasses of ammonia, carbon, hydrogen, and water. In a part of this contraption they had boiling water so they could have water vapor throughout this experiment. All the gasses (including the water vapor) came together as a mixture. That mixture of gasses then continued its way through the contraption through a very high electrical charge. Then it traveled through a "condenser" to get cooled off. It traveled through this so it could then go through ice so if there were any liquids of a sort left the ice would freeze them. This process then continued and continued through the contraption.
Griffith's transformation: He injected heat, killed bacteria (S strain) in one of the mice and that mouse survived. He did this again to other mice but added live harmless bacteria (R strain) with it. Thinking they would not die, they did of pneumonia. He figured that in some way the heat killed bacteria got through the disease causing ability to the harmless bacteria. He came up with thinking that when they were mixed those bacteria types a chemical factor that came from the heat killed cells and got into the cells that were living. He then came up with the information of making harmless bacteria being transformable into disease causing bacteria. This is what he called "transformation." This was named because harmless bacteria was transformed into a disease causing bacteria that stayed like that could not be changed back. He then concluded that the transformation factor was caused by a gene.
Hershey-Chase experiment: These two grew the viruses of phosphurus-32(32P) and sulfur-35 (35S). If radioactivity was found from 35S inside of the bacteria, that meant the protein coat of the virus was a part of the injection when DNA was not. If they tried this with 32P then the DNA was injected not the protein coat. They mixed the viruses with some bacterial cells.Then they took the viruses away from the bacteria and tested it for radioactivity. Almost all the radioactivity that was inside of the bacteria cell came from 32P. They found that genetic material of bacteriophage was DNA.
(First pic below) cite: http://www.truthinscience.org.uk/tis2/images/stories/millerurey.jpg
(bacteriophage/second picture) cite: http://www.foresight.org/Nanomedicine/Gallery/Images/T4VirusSA.gif
(video Griffith's transformation) cite: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Cq5LFWGBUw
